Kristof De Witte is a full professor in Education Economics and Political Economy at the Faculty of Economics and Business at KU Leuven, Belgium, and he holds the chair in ‘Effectiveness and Efficiency of Educational Innovations’ at United Nations University (UNU-MERIT) at Maastricht University, the Netherlands. Kristof De Witte is further a fellow member of the CESifo Network. At KU Leuven he is programme director of the ‘Master in Economic Education’, and the founding member and director of the research group ‘Leuven Economics of Education Research’. Kristof’s research interests of comprise education economics, performance evaluation and political economy. Kristof acknowledges support from the Horizon Europe project BRIDGE (grant 101177154).